Big data refers to data that is so large, fast or complex that it is difficult or impossible to process using traditional methods. The stability of smart grids, which integrates distributed energy resources and advanced communication technologies, heavily relies on the effective utilization of big data. This paper examines the critical role of big data in enhancing smart grid stability analysis, emphasizing real-time monitoring, predictive analytics and advanced control mechanisms. By leveraging big data, stakeholders can achieve improved situational awareness, faster response times, and enhanced decision-making capabilities, ensuring the reliable and efficient operation of smart grids.