Effect of oral administration of ethyl acetate extract of Rosmarinus officinalis L. on serum enzymes in rats and evaluation of α-amylase and α‑Glucosidase inhibitory activity

Background: Medicines made from herbs and other natural ingredients were utilised in traditional treatments. In the past few decades, researchers have placed a greater emphasis on herbs in the process of medication discovery due to the fact that herbs have fewer issues and fewer adverse effects. There has been a rise in the number of medical and pharmacological studies conducted all over the world in response to the evolving need. Extracts of rosemary, also known as Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Labiatae), have already been used in general traditional medicine to treat a well-known and diverse group of ailments, including serious ones, such as headaches, dysmenorrhea, epilepsy, rheumatic pains, all convulsions, annoying nervous excitations, and improving Memory function, depression and its side effects, and physical and mental exhaustion. Methods: After being dried and powdered to a fine consistency, samples of the aerial portion of the leaves of Rosmarinus officinalis were obtained. A brown residue was obtained by filtering the resultant solution and then evaporating it until it was completely dry under reduced pressure. This resulted in a brown residue based on the dry weight. An FTIR investigation was conducted on Rosmarinus officinalis, focusing on its inhibitory action against α-amylase and α‑glucosidase. Experiments were carried out with albino rats weighing between 200 and 250 grammes, which is equivalent to 5 grammes. It was the animal breeding house that provided the animals for the project. Results: Experimental testing was conducted in vitro on laboratory rats to examine the effect of oral administration of Rosmarinus officinalis extract on the blood enzymes SGPT, SGOT, and ALP. The results of these tests were recorded 82.49±4.15, 96.80±5.02 and 30.16±2.19 respectively for Rosmarinus officinalis ethyl acetate extract  while 132.08±7.05, 160.12±8.11 and 43.01±2.33 were recorded respectively for using Di-(2- ethylhexyl) phthalate and 54.21±3.79, 74.52±2.62 and 22.09±1.73 were recorded to Control (vehicle)  (0.5 ml/kg Corn oil). Conclusion: In this particular research project, the findings that we have gathered demonstrate that various extracts of rosemary possess beneficial anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic properties. This possible anti-inflammatory effect is most likely attributable to the presence of polyphenolic chemicals, which have the potential to offer numerous advantages in the treatment of oxidative stress and disorders associated to diabetes.